Health Insurance in the Netherlands: A Complete Guide

The Netherlands is well-known for its high-quality healthcare system, which is ranked among the best in the world. At the heart of this system lies a unique approach to health insurance that blends public regulation with private service provision. Understanding how health insurance works in the Netherlands is essential for residents, expats, and anyone planning to move to or stay in the country long-term.

1. Overview of the Dutch Healthcare System

The Dutch healthcare system operates on the principle of universal access to healthcare services for all residents. However, unlike some countries with fully public healthcare, the Netherlands employs a mandatory private insurance model. Every resident is required by law to purchase basic health insurance from a private insurer, but the benefits and costs are regulated by the government.

This structure ensures that everyone has access to essential healthcare services, regardless of their income or health condition.

2. The Basic Health Insurance (Basisverzekering)

The cornerstone of Dutch health insurance is the basic health insurance package, known as basisverzekering. All insurers are required to offer this basic package, which includes coverage for:

• Visits to general practitioners (GPs)

• Hospital care and surgery

• Specialist consultations

• Prescription medications

• Maternity and postnatal care

• Mental healthcare (up to a certain limit)

• Emergency care

Although all insurers must provide the same basic benefits, they can differentiate themselves through premiums, customer service, contracted healthcare providers, and additional coverage options.

3. Mandatory Insurance: Who Needs It?

In the Netherlands, everyone who lives or works in the country must purchase basic health insurance. This includes:

• Dutch citizens

• Expats who are residents

• EU/EEA nationals staying longer than 4 months

• Non-EU/EEA nationals with a residence permit

• International students (depending on their work status)

If you're in the Netherlands temporarily and do not earn income or plan to stay less than 4 months, you might not be required to purchase Dutch health insurance, but travel insurance or private international health insurance is still recommended.

4. How Much Does It Cost?

The cost of health insurance in the Netherlands varies depending on the insurer and the coverage you choose, but as of 2025, the average monthly premium for basic insurance is around €130–€150.

In addition to the monthly premium, you must pay:

Deductible (Eigen Risico)

Each year, adults pay the first portion of their healthcare costs out of pocket. This is called the eigen risico, and it is mandatory. In 2025, the minimum deductible is €385. You can choose a higher deductible (up to €885) in exchange for a lower monthly premium.

Children Under 18

Children under the age of 18 are insured for free under their parents' insurance. They receive the same coverage and are not subject to deductibles.

5. Healthcare Allowance (Zorgtoeslag)

The Dutch government offers a healthcare allowance (zorgtoeslag) to help low- and middle-income residents pay their health insurance premiums. This benefit is managed by the Belastingdienst (Dutch Tax Office).

To qualify, you must:

• Be 18 years or older

• Have Dutch health insurance

• Earn below a certain income threshold

• Have assets below a set limit

In 2025, the maximum monthly allowance for a single person is around €154, depending on income.

6. Supplemental Insurance (Aanvullende Verzekering)

While the basic package covers most essential care, many people choose to buy supplemental insurance for services not included in the basisverzekering, such as:

• Dental care for adults

• Physiotherapy

• Alternative medicine

• Glasses and contact lenses

• Extended mental healthcare

Supplemental insurance is optional, and insurers can refuse to accept you based on health conditions, unlike basic insurance which is guaranteed.

7. Choosing an Insurer

There are more than 30 health insurance providers in the Netherlands, offering a range of plans and services. Key things to consider when choosing an insurer include:

• Monthly premiums

• Coverage of preferred hospitals and doctors

• Customer service reviews

• Availability of English-speaking support

• Online portals and app usability

Comparison websites such as Independer.nl, Zorgkiezer.nl, or Pricewise.nl can help you compare different insurers and find the best fit for your needs.

8. How to Apply

Applying for health insurance in the Netherlands is straightforward. You can:

• Sign up online through the insurer's website

• Use a comparison site to apply directly

• Contact an insurance advisor (in English if needed)

You’ll need to provide your BSN (Burger Service Nummer), which is your citizen service number, and proof of residency.

You must register for insurance within 4 months of arrival or becoming a resident. Failing to do so can lead to fines and retroactive premium charges.

9. What Happens If You Don't Get Insurance?

If you are required to have insurance and fail to do so, the CAK (Centraal Administratie Kantoor) will send you a warning. If you still do not comply, you may be fined and enrolled in a default plan with a higher premium.

The government takes this law seriously because the system relies on universal participation.

10. Health Insurance for Expats and International Students

For expats, the health insurance rules apply similarly. However, students and temporary workers often fall into grey areas. Here’s a quick summary:

• Students not working: Can stay on international insurance (e.g., EHIC card for EU students).

• Students with a part-time job: Must get Dutch health insurance.

• Highly skilled migrants: Required to get Dutch insurance immediately upon arrival.

Many expats also choose international health insurance if they are staying short-term or moving between countries frequently.

11. Switching Insurance

You can switch health insurance providers once per year, during the open enrollment period from mid-November to December 31. Your new insurance will take effect on January 1 of the following year.

It’s important to compare your options annually, as premiums and benefits change each year. Some people save hundreds of euros by switching.

12. Access to Healthcare Services

Once you're insured, accessing care is simple. Here’s how the process typically works:

• Start with a GP: Your general practitioner is your first point of contact for most health concerns.

• Referrals: For specialist care or hospital treatment, your GP will refer you.

• Pharmacies: Prescription medication is covered under the basic plan, often with a small co-pay.

Dutch healthcare is efficient, professional, and generally well-reviewed by both locals and expats.

---

Conclusion

The Dutch health insurance system is a well-balanced model that combines public oversight with private service delivery. While mandatory insurance may seem strict, it ensures high-quality, accessible care for everyone. Whether you're a Dutch citizen, expat, or student, understanding how the system works can help you make the right choices and avoid unnecessary costs.

With the right plan, tools, and awareness of your rights and obligations, navigating health insurance in the Netherlands can be both straightforward and empowering.