Understanding Health Insurance in the Netherlands: A Comprehensive Guide

Understanding Health Insurance in the Netherlands: A Comprehensive Guide

Health insurance in the Netherlands is a fundamental part of life for residents and expatriates alike. The Dutch healthcare system is widely regarded as one of the best in the world, offering high-quality medical services, patient rights, and accessibility. However, navigating the health insurance system can be a bit overwhelming, especially for newcomers. This article explores the structure, costs, options, and essential facts about health insurance in the Netherlands.

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1. The Dutch Healthcare System Overview

The Netherlands operates on a dual-level healthcare system that combines public and private elements. Health insurance is mandatory for all residents, and the system is designed to provide universal access to healthcare, ensuring that every person has the right to receive medical attention when needed.

There are two main laws that govern healthcare in the Netherlands:

• Zorgverzekeringswet (Zvw) – The Health Insurance Act, which covers the basic mandatory health insurance.

• Wet langdurige zorg (Wlz) – The Long-Term Care Act, which covers long-term nursing and care for chronic illnesses.

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2. Mandatory Basic Health Insurance (Basisverzekering)

Every person living or working in the Netherlands is required by law to take out basic health insurance (basisverzekering) from a Dutch insurer. This insurance covers essential medical care such as:

• General practitioner (GP) visits

• Hospital care

• Prescription medications

• Maternity care

• Mental healthcare (up to a certain level)

• Emergency medical care

While the coverage is determined by the government, the policies are offered by private insurance companies, which compete in price and service.

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3. Choosing a Health Insurance Provider

There are around 40 different health insurance providers in the Netherlands. Some of the most popular ones include:

• Zilveren Kruis

• VGZ

• CZ

• Menzis

• OHRA

These companies offer basic insurance with identical core coverage, but they may differ in terms of premiums, customer service, and optional extras (supplementary insurance). Choosing the right provider depends on your personal needs, such as the availability of English-speaking service, digital support, or partnerships with specific hospitals.

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4. Cost of Health Insurance

The average monthly premium for basic health insurance in 2025 is around €130–€145 per person. This cost can vary slightly depending on the insurer and the deductible you choose.

Deductible (Eigen Risico)

The compulsory deductible (eigen risico) in 2025 is €385 per year. This means you will pay the first €385 of certain medical costs yourself. After that, your insurer will cover the rest.

You can also choose a higher voluntary deductible (up to €885), which can significantly reduce your monthly premium. However, it also means you will pay more out-of-pocket in case you need medical care.

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5. Supplementary Insurance (Aanvullende Verzekering)

While basic insurance covers a lot, it doesn’t cover everything. For additional services like:

• Dental care for adults

• Physiotherapy

• Glasses and contact lenses

• Alternative treatments (e.g., acupuncture)

You may want to consider supplementary insurance. This is optional and varies widely between providers. The premiums depend on the level of coverage you choose and your personal situation.

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6. Health Insurance for Children

Children under 18 are insured for free under the Dutch health insurance system. Parents must still register their child with a health insurance provider, but no premium or deductible applies.

This ensures that all children have access to healthcare, including vaccinations, pediatrician visits, and dental care.

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7. Health Insurance for Expats and International Students

Expats living in the Netherlands for work or long-term residence are also required to get Dutch health insurance, even if they already have an international insurance policy.

However, exceptions apply:

• Students from EU/EEA countries may be covered by their European Health Insurance Card (EHIC).

• Temporary visitors and non-working partners may need to assess their situation carefully, as they may or may not be required to take Dutch insurance.

If you're an international student working part-time or doing a paid internship, you are usually required to get Dutch health insurance.

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8. Government Support – Healthcare Allowance (Zorgtoeslag)

To make health insurance more affordable, the Dutch government offers a healthcare allowance (zorgtoeslag) for low-income individuals and families.

In 2025, if your income is below a certain threshold (approximately €38,000 for singles or €48,000 for couples), you may be eligible to receive up to €127 per month in health insurance subsidy.

Applications can be made through the Belastingdienst (Dutch Tax Office) website, and the allowance is paid monthly.

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9. Switching Health Insurance Providers

One of the consumer rights in the Netherlands is the ability to switch health insurers once a year. The open enrollment period runs from mid-November to December 31st, with your new insurance starting from January 1st.

It’s a great opportunity to compare prices, services, and coverage, and potentially save money or get better benefits.

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10. Emergency and Specialist Care

In case of a medical emergency, you can always go to the nearest hospital or call 112 for urgent help. Emergency care is always covered by your basic health insurance.

If you need to see a specialist, you’ll typically need a referral from your GP. The Dutch system emphasizes the role of general practitioners as the first point of contact for all medical issues.

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11. Dental and Vision Care

Dental care for adults is not covered under the basic insurance (except for a few exceptions like surgery or severe dental problems). Most people take out supplementary dental insurance.

Vision care, including glasses or lenses, is also excluded from basic insurance and must be added via supplementary coverage if needed.

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12. Mental Health Services

Basic insurance covers short-term mental health care, such as sessions with a psychologist or psychiatric treatment. A referral from your GP is usually required, and you may need to pay part of the cost depending on your deductible.

For long-term or intensive mental healthcare, you may need additional support under the Long-Term Care Act (Wlz).

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Conclusion

Health insurance in the Netherlands is a well-organized, accessible, and regulated system that ensures everyone receives necessary medical care. While the system may seem complex at first, understanding its structure can help you make the best choices for your health and budget.

Whether you're a Dutch citizen, a new expat, or an international student, being informed about your rights, obligations, and options is essential to staying healthy and financially secure in the Netherlands.